TB is curable with a combination of three to five antibiotics and the treatment takes about six to eight months. The continuous medical care of the patients is of utmost importance.

Since August 2001, Malteser International has been fighting against AIDS and TB in eight slums of Nairobi with a catchment area of 600,000 people. The diagnosis and treatment, the training of local staff in the health centres, the set up of laboratories and the education of slum residents are essential parts of the programme. In March 2004, the organisation handed over a modern cell-counter for the treatment of HIV to St. Marys Hospital in Nairobi. This special device measures the number of white blood vessels and is therefore vital to make a decision concerning the treatment with antiretroviral medication. The work of Malteser International in Nairobi has already been awarded several times by the Kenyan government.

The employment and further training of local specialised staff is the key to success of the work in Nairobi. For an effective treatment of AIDS, qualified and sufficient personnel for the intensive care of the patients and the regular control of their blood and organs are indispensable. Only in 2009, Malteser International provided counselling for over 35,000 persons and tested their blood on HIV/AIDS.